Precautions for Forced Mutation of Laying Hens
Release time:
Jun 26,2019
The season and the health of the flock come first, not the economy. Seasonally speaking, forced moulting should be carried out at the turn of autumn and winter, because this is consistent with the natural moulting season, and neither midsummer nor severe winter is suitable. The hot weather in summer is already a sickly season. If the growth pattern of chickens is forced to change, it is easy to cause disease infection due to decreased immunity or stress. In winter, the temperature is low, the chicken feathers fall off so that it loses the insulation protection, and the physical fitness drops sharply, which is harmful to health. If the chicken is not born at the right time, it is really necessary to moult in summer or winter. It should be noted that the water cut-off time in summer should be short, and the hunger time in winter should not be too long. For the season of moulting, autumn and winter are the best, and winter is better than summer.
2. Control the temperature and light. The temperature in the chicken house should be kept between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius. During forced moulting in the cold season, normal body heat will gradually decrease due to the need of restricted feeding of chickens. At this time, it is necessary to maintain the temperature and air quality in the house by controlling ventilation and increasing auxiliary heat. The temperature in the house should still be maintained during the recovery feeding period to increase the rate of weight recovery. When the flock reaches 50% egg production rate, the feathers grow enough to maintain body temperature, and the temperature in the house can be appropriately reduced. In addition, attention should be paid to the light time and intensity. The closed chicken coop should be kept at 8~10 hours/day. The open chicken coop should adopt natural light, but it should be shaded as much as possible to weaken the light intensity. Generally, the light time cannot be improved within 20 days after forced moulting.
3. The time of material and water cut should be well grasped. Generally, the material cutting time is 10~12 days. The hunger time is too short to achieve the purpose of stopping production and moulting; the hunger time is too long, the mortality rate of chickens increases, and the constitution of chickens is also greatly damaged. The specific situation needs to be adjusted according to the season and the body condition of the chicken.
4. Pay attention to weight control and mortality. During the molting period, the weight of the chicken has decreased due to feeding restriction, but it must be kept within a normal range, generally 25% ~ 35% less than before molting. This requires weighing at the same time every day from the 5th day after feeding restriction, which refers to spring and autumn. If it is in winter, it starts from the 3rd day and starts from the 7th day in summer. At the same time, attention should be paid to changes in the mortality rate of chickens. It is generally believed that the mortality rate of chickens should not exceed 1% in the first week and 1.5 in the first 10 days. More than 2.5 per cent in the first 5 weeks and more than 3 per cent in 8 weeks are not allowed.
5. Ensure nutrition during moulting. Because the chickens are hungry for a long time, the digestive function is weakened, so after the end of feeding restriction, the open feed should be softened. Before resuming egg laying, feed that can promote feather growth, muscle development and recovery of reproductive function must be fed. When the egg laying rate reaches more than 50%, the same nutritional standard as that of the opening hen shall be applied to make each chicken ingest 610 mg of sulfur-containing amino acid per day to help control egg weight.
6. Forced molting of roosters will affect the fertilization rate, so the forced molting system is not suitable for roosters. Hens cannot be forced to molt continuously, and hens that have undergone forced molting should be eliminated 6 months after reaching 50% of the laying rate, because the laying rate of molted hens drops and the quality of eggs deteriorates significantly after 6 months of laying.
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