There are questions that answer: why fur is not good?

Release time:

Feb 26,2024

This article is divided into three parts:

I. Introduction to fur evaluation methods (omitted)

ii. Analyze the common nutritional factors that affect fur (this part analyzes in detail, finds the reasons, and the coping methods are ready to come out.)

iii. Give corresponding measures (omitted)

I. Introduction to the fur evaluation method

Usually use "skin red hair bright" to intuitively describe the pig's fur state, in scientific research used in the fur index, although there is a scoring standard, but from the evaluation method point of view this is not a scientific indicator, because the pig's fur is breed, environment, nutrition, health degree of comprehensive feedback. The fur index usually consists of three parts, the skin ruddy degree score, the hair color brightness score, the hair smoothness score, the score is scored by several people at the same time according to the standard, and then the average is obtained.

Table 1 Scoring criteria for fur index

Fraction	skin ruddy degree	Coat color brightness degree	Gross fitness
1	Pale	matte	Obviously messy
2	reddish	faint luster	Weak messy
3	ruddy	Obvious gloss	Compliant

ii. Factors that lead to poor fur

1. Intake of energy is not enough

Usually, poor fur caused by insufficient energy intake occurs in piglets and nursery pigs. Fat pigs and sows have sufficient feed intake and strong digestion ability, and are basically not affected by this. It usually affects for the following reasons:

① Although the theoretical emergy of feed formula design is sufficient, the quality of corn is poor, resulting in low actual emergy of feed.

②Using wheat and barley instead of corn, β-glucan and β-mannan in wheat affected energy release. Although the corresponding enzyme preparation will be specially selected when using wheat raw materials, according to the evaluation of the testing center of anchi animal nutrition research institute, the enzymatic hydrolysis ability and stress resistance of the same enzyme preparation are very different, so even if the so-called "wheat special enzyme" is added, it will also lead to the difference between the actual energy value and theoretical energy value of the feed without evaluation.

③ The crushing particle size is not suitable. Many pig farms collect corn by themselves. Big pigs and piglets use sieve pieces with the same aperture, which leads to inappropriate crushing particle size of raw materials. The crushing particle size suitable for big pigs is too coarse for piglets, indigestible and energy waste. The crushing particle size suitable for piglets is too fine for big pigs, and gastric ulcer is easy to be suffered for a long time, which affects food intake.

2. Lack of key vitamins

Lack of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, biotin, etc.

Table 2 Several vitamins and their functions related to fur health

Vitamins	Functions related to fur health
Vitamin A	Maintenance of epithelial tissue integrity
Vitamin E	Biological antioxidant, which affects biofilm formation by affecting phospholipid structure
Vitamin B2	Involved in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism
Vitamin B6	As a cofactor involved in a variety of biochemical reactions in the cell 140, such as amino acid synthesis, mutual conversion and degradation, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid metabolism and heme synthesis process
Biotin	Involved in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism in the form of coenzyme, related to sebaceous gland function

Vitamin deficiency is a common problem for several reasons:

Good vitamin raw materials are expensive, and cheap feed uses cheap vitamin raw materials, resulting in low potency and low utilization.

The feed composition is complex, and vitamins are sensitive to minerals and deteriorated oils and easily destroyed.

Improper storage of feed, light, temperature and humidity will lead to rapid inactivation of vitamins.

The lack of fat feed will affect the animal's absorption of fat soluble vitamins, so lead to vitamin A, vitamin E deficiency.

3. Excess addition of mineral elements

Lack of iron, selenium, copper, zinc and other mineral elements can lead to pale skin and messy fur. However, the lack of mineral elements is often not added enough, but excessive addition leads to element interaction affects the absorption, such as zinc, copper, iron, there is a complex between the three.antagonismLong-term high zinc affects iron and copper absorption.

iii. How to improve fur

First of all, it should be clear that the skin red hair bright naturally revealed by pigs due to health is the result of the improvement of many factors. After eliminating the problems such as diseases and serious omissions in feeding management, the effect of skin red hair bright can be obtained by resolving the factors mentioned above one by one:

1. Choose high-quality, fresh and reliable feed and feed raw materials.

2. Distinguish the sieve pieces crushed by corn from big pig feed and small pig feed. The crushed particle size of big pig is 1.5-2mm and that of small pig is 1-1.5mm.

3. Control the temperature difference inside the house, especially for piglets, and avoid energy being used to maintain body temperature.

4. Stage mixing or drinking water to supplement vitamins.

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